#109 10 Days of Archaeology: Day 4

 If you read my post from yesterday you are aware of the GPS we destroyed. Well, instead of turning three crews into two large crews, two of us stayed in today and worked on some paperwork. I basically spent the day typing up site forms and that’s what I’m going to talk about for a second.

I’ve had conversations with others about how much money could be saved if we could teach people how to write nearly finished products in the field on tablet computers (i.e. the iPad) and then essentially transfer that information to a Word Doc with one click. Some editing would have to be done and references would have to be added. Most people don’t think that would save any money or time. I spent 10 hours simply typing up forms today. I typed up the bulk of the site form and created the artifact tables. I didn’t add any new information and I didn’t have to change the wording from the site form too much. The forms were simply transcribed into a Word document. I could have accomplished the same thing in under an hour if the sites were recorded on tablets. Guaranteed.

This isn’t the post to really get into all of that so I’ll move on.

When I heard that we were just going to be staying in and doing paperwork today I was initially somewhat excited. A day in from the field when it’s hot out is usually a nice break from everything. However, after a few hours of typing up site forms in my room I start wishing I’d just gone into the field. The old saying, “your worst day in the field is better that your best day in an office” is sometimes true. I’m not saying I had a bad time. I just can’t stand doing something that I know isn’t really necessary and that there is a more efficient way. Here I go again. No, No. I’ll stop.

The good part about being relatively close to Reno this time is that my wife can come and visit me now! She works Monday through Friday and came up after work. She stopped in Winnemucca at the Winnemucca Pizzeria and picked up a rosemary potato pizza on the way. I don’t know what it is about that place but that pizza is kind of amazing. And, so is she for coming to visit and bringing it to me! She even made a lasagna and brought that! Guess I’ll need a few more bike rides.

It’s difficult doing this alone now. For those that don’t know, my wife was an archaeologist until about seven months ago. We worked together and lived together on every single project going back almost to my first project. Now, it’s just me and we talk on the phone in the evenings. When the internet is really good, which is never, we try to Skype or Facetime (an Apple thing). I would certainly say, without doing any sort of formal survey, that being single and always being alone would be a motivating factor in getting out of this field for a lot of people. We, as humans, need companionship, whether we admit it or not. It’s in our nature to be together. I need my alone time as much as the next person but when you add it up and you’re gone more than you’re home then it’s time to re-think some things. Of course, we live in an age when you are never more than a few electrons away from seeing and talking to someone. Hell, with quantum tunneling they’re practically occupying the same space as you! Wow, geeked out for a minute. Sorry.

Anyway, my point is that you have to find ways to make this job agreeable to your lifestyle. Don’t expect it to conform to you. It takes constant work to be able to be happy and content but in the end, it’s worth it. If you do it right, CRM will provide. Sounds goofy, but I think it’s true. I’ll let you know in twenty years with blog post number 10,000.

Come back tomorrow for Day 5 (over the hump!).

Thanks for reading and I’ll see you in the field (unless I’m stuck in a hotel room all day).

#108 10 Days of Archaeology: Day 3

(To anyone that this applies too: this blog is in no way tied to the company I work for.  My real name and the company name appear no where. All the opinions expressed in  this blog are my own and not anyone else's.  Also, I try really hard not to divulge any information regarding clients and project specific details.  The things I discuss could be taking place anywhere in the Great Basin and are not specific.  My goal is to simply bring the joy of archaeology, and the bad times in archaeology, to anyone that cares to read it.  Disclaimer over.  Onto the blog…)

Well, today started with a game plan that involved my crew basically site recording all day.  This means an easy day with all archaeology all the time.  I like these sorts of days.

Iodine bottle with a solid core glass drip.We arrived at the first site, a road, by 7:30 am.  Here, I have a question for my readers.  I’ve recorded roads in different ways over the years.  With some companies we’ve surveyed the road independently of the rest of the project area and recorded everything within 15 m of the center line as part of the general site inventory or, in the case of trash dumps, as a locus or feature.  With other companies, the road was simply recorded as a line and all artifacts were treated separately as individual sites or isolated artifacts.  Out here in Nevada the way you record a road largely depends on the whims of the BLM district you are working in.  Sometimes it depends on a specific project area and how they want that area recorded.  What do you think?  How to you record roads?  Keep in mind, when I talk about roads I mean everything from a two-track to a haul road to a paved highway.  Let me know in the comments.

On one of the sites we recorded today there were a lot of fun bottles.  I never used to like historics because the “weren’t old enough”.  I’ve since learned how fun they can be.  I think what I like is that I can look at a bottle base and know, almost to the year in some cases, how old that bottle is.  Not only do I know how old it is, but, if I have enough of it, I can know how it was made and what it was used for.  Try getting that level of detail out of a projectile point.  Points are still cool, don’t get me wrong.  Nothing will ever be more cool than picking an 8,000 year old point off the ground on survey.

There was a little drama on the aforementioned site this afternoon.  The crew member that was in charge of doing the GPS work on a Trimble unit had some fun.  We use sub-meter Trimble GPS units to record sites (as most good companies out here do).  They run from $5,000 to $7,000, depending on your options.  Well, as we were recording today, I heard a weird sounding yell from my right.  I looked up the drainage to see the tail end of a fall from my GPS guy.  It looked like it didn’t feel so good so I asked if he was OK.  He said he was.  That’s when we both saw the Trimble laying face-down on the rocks he’d slipped on.  As he picked up the unit I could see his jaw drop and the blood drain from his face.  Now, this guy likes to play jokes on people quite often so I asked if it was cracked.  He said yes as he shook his head.  I didn’t believe it until I saw the unit for myself.  Sure enough, it was cracked in several places on the screen.

Now most modern displays like this have an outer glass and then the inner display.  If the glass is cracked you can often still read the display.  Some of you may only have to look at your cell phone to know what I’m talking about.  This unit has that configuration but it was cracked all the way through. We could only make out some symbols on the right margin of the screen.

As the initial shock of breaking the unit waned we then became concerned as to whether the data we’d collected thus far was still there.  We had no idea how damaged the unit was internally.  I still don’t know.  Tomorrow I’ll find out whether the unit was able to be downloaded or not.

Now, you might stress out and be concerned for your job if you were to break a unit that is that expensive.  Remember, though, that a good crew chief or supervisor will be more concerned with your well being than with the unit.  Units are replaceable but the training we put into you is not.  Your safety and welfare is paramount.  As it turns out, we have insurance on the Trimbles and it will be fixed or replaced before too long.

The day ended with the crew mingling at a local bar and casino for drinks.  Overall it was a rather light day with some good archaeology.

Podcasting from a quiet hotel room on the western frontier, or, next to a major interstate highway.I spent the evening, after we got back from the bar at around 7 pm, recording and editing segments for my podcast, The CRM News Weekly, Episode 17.  It’s nearly done.  I just have to complete the show notes but it’s difficult to do when the internet keeps going down.  Guess I’ll have to get up at 5 am again.  Keeping up with this blog and with the podcast is difficult while I’m in the field.  Usually I don’t want to do much of anything.  The desire to bring news items and my blog to you and whomever else is still strong in me, though, so I keep doing it.

That’s it for Day 3.  Come back tomorrow for Day 4.

Thanks for reading and I’ll see you in the field.

#107 10 Days of Archaeology: Day 2

Woke up at about 0545 and, of course, immediately started the water for my coffee.  We have a seven o’clock start time so the morning is spent getting my pack ready and making sure I’m ready for the day.  I made a quick trip to the breakfast room at the hotel to see how bad that was going to be.  They had a waffle maker!  You know how I feel about waffle makers...Anyway, all I grabbed was a mini-bagel.

Out at the parking lot we had the usual first-day-of-survey talk with some confusion.  There are nine of us working in three crews.  We had to divide up the gear including a Trimble GPS for each crew, two digital cameras, a photo scale, and all the paperwork we’re going to need.  That settled, it was off to the gas station!

I used to get something unhealthy when going to the gas station.  Kind of saw it as a treat to just be able to go there in the morning.  That was years ago, though, and now, I just grab a few Gatorade’s if I get anything at all.

The project area is real close to town so it didn’t take long to get there.  We spent a few minutes putting on sunscreen and determining the plan-of-attack for the area we wanted to cover.

There are fences up all over the place and we have to cross them.  After having the bottom strand of a barbed-wire fence slip down when I went to cross over it last summer, resulting in a 10 in scar on my thigh, I usually go under now.  That was made so much easier out here because they use the newer fences with no barbs on the bottom strand.  Someone finally realized that cows are stupid and will be thwarted by only a couple strands of barbed-wire.  They put the un-barbed strand on the bottom so small animals, and archaeologists, can get through unharmed.  How nice of them.

The survey is pretty straight forward.  We’re recording smaller sites and isolates as we come to them and leaving larger sites for later (that’s called a flag-and-run).  We’ll record the large site if access is difficult.  For example, if we have to walk two miles just to get to the site then it’s not worth wasting time to walk four miles round trip later on when we could just record it right now.  Sometimes reason wins out in archaeology.  Not often, though.

We managed to get back to the truck for lunch at about 1:15 pm.  When you’re walking transects, lunch never happens at the same time every day.  I think the human brain just has a problem stopping in the middle of a transect to eat lunch.  We always have to go to the end.  We had a certain motivation to make it all the way to the truck for lunch.  The gatorade mentioned above was sitting in a pool of ice and just waiting to be consumed.

After lunch we split up and knocked out the remaining area, completing our goal for the day.  Didn’t find anything crazy.  Pretty usual northern Nevada survey.

When I got back to the hotel I sat down on the couch in my room for a while.  Sometimes you just want to sit for a bit after walking almost eight miles in 80 degree weather.  I had a few slices of pizza from the day before and a nice, crisp, Sam Adams Summer Ale.  By 6 pm I was feeling guilty and went on a 20-mile bike ride.  I keep track of my rides using the RunKeeper app on my iPhone which posts my rides to Facebook when I’m done.  I don’t know if anyone actually thinks this way but knowing that the ride posts to Facebook motivates me to go further.  When I really wanted to turn around (I was doing an out and back) at about eight miles, resulting in a 16 mile ride, I just thought about my friends seeing that and giving me shit for not making it to 20 miles.  So, irrationally, I pressed on.  It was a good ride but the headwind came on the return trip which made the ride quite taxing.  Glad I did it, though.

After a shower I recorded a few segments of my overdue podcast.  It’s going to be tough to get that out since I can’t even access the articles I need.  The WiFi here is ridiculously slow in the evenings since the hotel is full.  After a quick call to my wife I finished the book I was reading and went to bed.  Day 3 will be much the same as Day 2.  If all goes well, every day this session will be much of the same. Hopefully I’ll have something interesting to write about but that’s one of the points I want to drive home with this series: archaeology is not usually glamorous and exciting.  We work many days without finding or doing anything exciting just for that one exciting find.  That’s passion, and that’s why we continue to do this.

Check back tomorrow for Day 3.

Thanks for reading and I’ll see you in the field.

#106 10 Days of Archaeology: Day 1

Today was a drive day.  That means, no work, just driving.  A lot of sessions start that way in the Great Basin.  Our drive is only three hours (Reno, NV to Battle Mountain, NV) but we had a few hours at the office getting paperwork and supplies together.

First, though, I woke up and made a latte.  That’s a great way to start the day: a home made, five-shot, sugar-free hazelnut (just a little), latte brewed with beans from Kenya.  I had some minor packing to do which just included my cold foods, my toiletries, and my pillows.  Yeah, pillows.  I never leave home without them.  The worst hotel on the planet with the worst bed in the world can be made tolerable by comfortable, familiar, pillows.

After stopping to get some ground coffee for my French Press I arrived at work at about 9:30 am.  I’m crew chiefing this time around so I had to make sure my paperwork box was fully stocked and that my supplies were in order.  Right after I got to work, however, I received a text alert about a search and rescue in progress in an adjacent state.

I’m the alerting officer for my Civil Air Patrol squadron and I’m responsible for notifying the rest of the squadron regarding a search and rescue.  The SAR wasn’t happening in our jurisdiction but we were asked to help out because they had a lot of ground to cover.  I had to make a few phone calls, lament about the fact that I could’t participate, and send the alert out to the other 50 members of the squadron.  With that taken care of I was ready to go.  

The truck I was driving had two others in it and we had a few errands to run before we left town.  We eventually left and began the three-hour drive to Battle Mountain where we’d be staying for the next eight days.  On the way I saw one of those things that makes you want to make the most of every day and spend time with those you love.

We were traveling at about 80 MPH eastbound on Interstate-80 near Winnemucca when I saw a few cars slowing down and getting into the left lane.  I quickly saw something blocking the right lane and spilling into the right of way on the southern side of the road.  Soon, I realized that what I was looking at was the underside of an 18-wheeler semi and trailer.  As we got closer we realized that there weren’t any emergency vehicles around indicating that the accident just happened.  Closer still, we saw that a number of vehicles had stopped and it looked like the driver was out of the truck.  No other vehicles were involved.  An indication that the accident had just happened was that the rear wheels on the trailer were still spinning at a high rate of speed.  

The accident sent visions through my head that had us next to the truck when it veer off the road and tipped over.  Or, had us careening into the truck right after it went sideways.  Any number of things could have happened and we would have been able to do little to avoid it.  Something like that can happen at any time.  Don’t wait to do what you want to do with your life, or to quit your job and get a better one, or to tell someone that you love them.  It’s just not worth it.  You don’t get a second chance.

We arrived in town at about 4:30 pm.  After unpacking for 30 minutes I went downstairs for a briefing about the project.  Not all project managers will do that and I appreciate the fact that ours did.  It’s nice to get on a new project and have it spelled out for you.  Some of your may be surprised to find out that not all sites and not all artifacts are recorded in the same way on every project out here.  The different Bureau of Land Management (BLM) districts out here do things slightly differently from each other.

The meeting spelled out our recording procedures and our plan of attack for the survey.  We discussed survey procedures and artifact recording procedures.  Most of the time we record everything in a project area.  For this area, however, we have some different procedures that needed to be discussed.  I won’t go into the details due to confidentiality agreements.

The evening was spent preparing my gear for the field, dealing with slow to non-existent internet, and blogging for you fine people.  Day 2 will be filled with fun survey and site recording in a mining feature heavy environment with no shade cover and high temps.  Should be a typical day in the high desert!

Come back tomorrow for Day 2.

Thanks for reading and I’ll see you in the field.

#105 10 Days of Archaeology: Day 0

I’m going to start a series right now that will detail an 8-day session out here in the Great Basin.  The series is called “10 Days of Archaeology” because the day before and the day after the session are just as important as the actual session days.  The temperatures are supposed to be in the mid- to upper-90s(F) this week so I might not have the energy to post every day.  I’ll try, though.  Also, the internet at this hotel leaves a bit to be desired.

My goal with this series is to give someone an idea as to what it’s like to work in the Great Basin.  Keep in mind, though, that experiences can vary widely from crew chief to crew chief, from project to project, and from company to company.  Also, a number of companies do 10-day sessions, which would make this the “12 Days of Archaeology” and would be slightly different.  However, I don’t work for one of those companies.

So, be prepared for some drama, some possibly short posts because nothing really happened that day, some complaining about the heat, and maybe, just maybe, some archaeology.  Enjoy.

Day 0

It’s Monday and I have a busy day.  My company starts 8-day sessions on Tuesdays since our pay week ends on Friday and we squeeze 40 hours of work into four days.  That means that Monday is a packing day.  Sometimes Monday is a day for cooking food, dehydrating fruit, and preparing camping gear.  I should probably clean my gear at the end of the previous session but I usually don’t feel like it.  What usually happens is that the gear goes in the gear room in my house and I forget about it for six days.  If the session was rainy or something then I’ll pull out my tent and clean it.  Otherwise, there it sits.

For this session, however, we’re staying in a hotel.  So, the gear I take has to be completely re-organized.  Sometimes, when I’m feeling particularly motivated, I’ll bring various types of cooking gear, including, a water heater, an electric skillet, or various other items.  This time around, I’m not feeling that motivated.  I’ve got enough food that I can cook with a microwave or that doesn’t need cooking so I’m just bringing my water heater and my French press.  Gotta have good coffee in the morning, otherwise, what’s the point of even getting out of bed…Also, my wife is visiting this weekend and we’ll likely eat out.  So, I only really need food for about four nights.  Since all I eat during the work day are various types of bars and oranges my lunches are covered too.

To go off on a tangent for a minute...you can cook a surprising variety of food in a microwave.  There are all the standards, such as crappy frozen food and leftovers, but there are other things that some people don’t often think about.  For example, you can cook pasta in a microwave if you turn the power down just a bit (to avoid boil over) and if you let it cook for at least 15 minutes (depending on the power of the microwave).  I stop it a few times to stir, but, otherwise, the pasta cooks well.  You can also cook certain meats in the microwave, although, if you aren’t mixing them with something they can taste a little weird.  I think that’s mostly the psychological effect associated with cooking meat in the microwave, though.  I wouldn’t cook chicken in a microwave unless you have a way to check the temperature.  Chicken needs to reach 160 degrees F to kill all the crap that normally exists in it.  Also, bringing a selection of spices can improve just about any dish.

OK.  I’ve got my food thought out and my kitchen utensils figured out.  Now the clothes.  In the Great Basin you have to be prepared for anything.  At some point I stop bringing cold weather gear and just take a chance that I won’t get cold.  Out here, though, you can have a seven o’clock start that is as low as 35 degrees this time of year and an afternoon high of over 90 degrees.  That’s life in the high desert.  Now, though, I’m expecting high temps for most of the day and will just enjoy the cool air in the morning.  Rain isn’t even a consideration and is usually welcomed with open arms if it does happen.

I always struggle with what “civilian” clothes to bring.  As compared to most CRM archaeologists, I don’t really “go out” much.  I also don’t like to wear the same thing after work everyday.  So, I bring a few shirts and a few pairs of shorts/pants and call it good.  This time out I brought biking clothes too.  I’m getting really ambitious now!

So, after getting my field bag sorted out I’m pretty much ready to go.  At least, in my head.  My actual Monday was a bit more chaotic.  I started out waiting for a phone call that was supposed to come at around 9 am.  I received the call at about 9:30 am.  It was from the operations officer at my Civil Air Patrol squadron.  We got clearance to do a training flight for the afternoon.  That flight ended up taking up my day between about 11 am and 5:30 pm.  There is a bunch of time taken up on both ends of the 2.5 hour flight that includes pre-flight briefing and post-flight debriefing.  When you are practicing for a real search-and-rescue mission it’s important to get it right.  You just might save a life the next time you go up.

My packing didn’t really start until about 7 pm since I made dinner for my wife (Chicken Marsala...tasty!) and a friend of mine that was spending the night.  I was able to get everything ready to go within a couple of hours.  Since I didn’t have to be at the office until 10 am the next day I still had some time to play with in the morning if I needed it.

I finished out the evening spending time with my wife.  Being surrounded by so much death and sickness this past year has caused me to treat all moments as gifts of time.  Don’t take anything for granted because it could all end in a heart beat.  That point was driven home on Day 1.

Come back tomorrow for the next post!

Thanks for reading and I’ll see you in the field.

#104 Per diem, Latin for Passion

So I was having a conversation with a few colleagues the other day about per diem rates and what we can do to make retention higher.  The short answer, of course, is to give people more money.  That is followed by give them a guarantee of work that will last longer than a couple of sessions.  

Do you disagree?  Well, let’s look at the situation and ask ourselves some questions.  Have you ever worked most of a season with a company, or at least a few months on the end, and gone with someone else in the spring because they offered you more money, more per diem, or a promotion?  Of course.  We all have.  Have you ever left a company during a field season for more money or per diem? We did.  Once.  Couldn’t afford to live on what they were paying us.  Had to go.  Have you ever left in the middle of a field session for a job that pays more?  Haven’t done that one yet.

Hard working Field Techs in MiamiSo, did you answer “yes” to any of those questions?  I’d be surprised if you didn’t.  We like to think of ourselves as passionate individuals with idealized outlooks on life.  I even heard someone say not too long ago that CRM archaeology is a place for people to gather that don’t fit in anywhere else.  She said that everyone in the field is different, unique, and likely a social misfit.  Not sure I quite agree with that.  I certainly don’t fit in with a number of crews that I’ve been on.  Until a few months ago I had my wife to work with and hang out with.  Don’t have that anymore since she got out of the business.  So, are we different?  Are we individuals that don’t fit in?  For some the answer is probably yes.  For most, the answer is likely no.

When you break us down into our constituent parts we are just like everyone else.  We have the same motivations, the same desires, and the same bills to pay.  I’ve seen the most frugal, flannel-wearing, roll-your-own-cigarette smoking, vegetarian, hippie wannabe complain about pay and per diem.  Some of us don’t want or need as much money as others but we still need it.  

Ask yourself: would you still do this job if someone handed you enough money (insert whatever figure suits you) so that you wouldn’t have to work for the rest of your life?  If your answer is “yes” then congratulations! You’ve found your passion.  My Division Chief in the Navy told me that almost two decades ago and I’ve lived my life by that principle.  If I wasn’t doing something I’d do for free because money wasn’t a problem then I got out.  I quite being an electronics technician on small corporate jets.  I quite my commercial aviation program in college.  I quite the Navy.  I’ve now been an archaeologist longer than I’ve ever been anything else and I don’t plan on turning back now.

I’m not saying I’d stay a crew chief in the Great Basin if someone handed me $10 billion (that’s my figure ;)  ).  I certainly wouldn’t stop doing CRM, though.  Maybe I’d go in the field occaisionally but most of my time would be spent trying to improve the tech we use.  I’d be prototyping ideas I’ve had and designing apps to use in the field.  I’d have an archaeo-think tank who’s sole purpose would be to think up new ways to increase efficiency and scientific data gathering for CRM.  I love this job and I believe in its purpose and goals.  I think what we do is helping catalog, and sometimes preserve, the rich heritage in this country.  This is really the only job in the country that does that with some of the really old sites.

In think the point of this post is that people still need money to realize their dreams.  We need money to go places and do things.  Sure, you can do things without money but it’s much more relaxing to do it with a few bucks in your pocket.  Field techs are the lifeblood of CRM archaeology and Arch Firms need to realize that someday.  Sure, cut corners where you have to but stand firm when it comes to paying your techs.  If your session is 10 days long then pay them per diem for 10 days for FSM’s sake.  If they come back in the spring then give them a raise.  Even 50 cents will go a long way to building loyalty.  If they’re still there mid-summer, give them another raise.  You wouldn’t be able to fulfill your contracts if they weren’t there.  Say thank you once in a while.

CRM is a notoriously cheap field.  How many of you have ridden in a company truck that rattled so loud you could’t think, was dusty enough to have noticeable stratigraphy on the dash, and had not had the air conditioner charged in 100,000 miles?  All of us.  Fine.  Be cheap with the trucks.  But gods damn pay us well because we deserve it.  We put up with all of that crap because we LOVE our jobs and we have passion for what we do.  That kind of loyalty does not come cheap.

I didn’t mean for this to turn into a rant and I understand that budgets are tight.  Instead of creating reams of paperwork in the field recording sites, use a tablet to record your sites.  Teach your people how to write well the first time, in the field, so there can be MINIMAL editing in the office.  One company I know of bills in three hours to type up each site record.  Some will take longer and some will take less time.  However, if you spend just a fraction more time in the field making it right and typing on a tablet, you can reduce office time by at least 75%.  Bill the client the same amount, or a little less to stay competitive, and pass the savings on to your techs and crew chiefs.  It can be done.  I really believe that.  Nearly every other industry is advancing by leaps and bounds while archaeology companies won’t even use double-sided forms because they might not get copied properly back in the office.  Astounding.  Work smarter, not harder.  

That’s it.  I guess this did turn into a rant.

Thanks for reading and I’ll see you in the field.

#103 Dendrochronology and Anthropology

Dendrochronology and Anthropology: What Trees Can Teach Us About History

Here is a great article from Val Williamson at Decoded Science about dendrochonology.  Despite the, apparently unintentional, pun at the end of the first paragraph, some good points are made:

Anthropologists are, among other things, detectives – piecing together evidence to work out how people behave and survive in certain conditions. Archaeology is anthropology of the past, so a proven timeline for dating archaeological artefacts is a great investigative tool. Dendrochronology supplies physical evidence for a timeline compiled through international data-sharing between practitioners. This fascinating branch of science provides anthropologists with accurate dates, and other information, and has roots going back millennia.

I heard a talk at the SAAs in St. Louis regarding the dating of really old trees that I hadn’t thought about.  If you date burned sections of a tree, like from a hearth or fire ring, and you know the trees in that area can be really old, then you have to know where in the tree’s cross-section you are taking your sample from.  The difference between the inside of the tree (older) and the outside of the tree (newer) could be a thousand years or more.  That’s a pretty big set of error bars when you are trying to date a site that may have only been occupied for a few days or weeks.